A shallow white porcelain bowl holds thin wheat noodles topped with fried brown minced pork, crushed peanuts and scallion, with one baby bok choy lying beside them and a little red chili oil pooling at the bottom of the bowl.
Noodles made by rolling a dough into a thin sheet and cutting it into strips.
Dan dan noodles are a Sichuan dish of thin noodles in a spicy sesame sauce with minced pork, pickled greens and crushed peanuts, traditionally served dry. The dan in the name means a shoulder pole, from street vendors who carried their noodles on one. A Zigong specialty, it later spread to Chengdu and Chongqing; accounts of its origin differ, with another placing it in Chengdu. Wing Lai Yuen in Hong Kong, which opened in 1947, serves a soup version.
What
Dan dan noodles are a Sichuan dish of thin wheat noodles in a spicy sesame sauce, topped with minced pork, pickled mustard greens, peanuts and scallion, traditionally served dry rather than in soup.1,2,4,5
When
Neither origin tale has dated documentary support: one places it in 1841, with a Zigong vendor nicknamed Chen Baobao selling noodles from a shoulder pole; the other places it in Chengdu during the Qianlong reign. The cited dated reports go back no further than a 1990 Washington Post article.1,2,3
Where
Dan dan noodles are a specialty of Zigong, Sichuan, that later spread to Chengdu and Chongqing; the Chengdu version added minced pork. The origin is disputed, with another account placing it in Chengdu. Wing Lai Yuen, which opened in Hong Kong in 1947, serves a soup version.1,2,3
How
The main points of the method: the cooked noodles are dressed with a sauce of chili oil, sesame paste, soy sauce and vinegar, topped with dry-fried minced pork and pickled mustard greens, then finished with crushed peanuts and greens.4,5
Why
The dan in the name is the shoulder pole: street vendors carried noodles and sauce on one and called out their wares, hence dan dan noodles.1,2,3
Impact and influence
Wing Lai Yuen, which opened in Hong Kong in 1947, serves a soup version of dan dan noodles. Japan also has a noodle soup developed from the dish.2,3
Legend has it that in 1841 a vendor in Zigong nicknamed Chen Baobao sold plain noodles with pickled mustard greens from a shoulder pole, and later opened a shop in a busy quarter. It is folk tradition with no document behind it.
Told in: Told in Zigong, Sichuan, and repeated in a MICHELIN Guide article and on Chinese Wikipedia.
This is a simplified home version, not the traditional restaurant method.
Traditional dan dan noodles come without soup, and I make them dry at home too. This is my simplified way, for 2 people: I use bought chili oil instead of making my own, dry-fry the pork, and mix the sauce right in the bowls. The ingredients and method follow two English-language recipes, and the amounts and timings below are my own choices at home.
Ingredients
Thin wheat noodles, fresh or dried 200 g
Ground pork 150 g
Preserved mustard greens (ya cai) 3 tablespoons, rinsed and chopped
Ginger 1 teaspoon, minced
Cooking wine 1 teaspoon
Dark soy sauce 1 teaspoon
Sweet bean sauce 1 teaspoon
Cooking oil 1 tablespoon
Sesame paste 2 tablespoons
Light soy sauce 3 tablespoons
Chinkiang black vinegar 1 tablespoon
Sugar 1 teaspoon
Chili oil, store-bought 2 tablespoons
Garlic 2 cloves, minced
Ground Sichuan pepper 1/2 teaspoon
Baby bok choy or similar greens 100 g
Roasted peanuts 2 tablespoons, crushed
Scallion 1 stalk, chopped
Steps
Heat 1 tablespoon of oil in a pan, add the pork and break it up, and keep frying until the moisture has cooked off and the pork turns dark. The pork must be fully cooked through.
Stir in the ginger, wine, dark soy sauce and sweet bean sauce, add the preserved greens and fry for about 1 minute. Set aside.
Divide the sesame paste, soy sauce, vinegar, sugar, chili oil, garlic and Sichuan pepper between two bowls, without stirring yet.
Bring water to the boil and cook the noodles for the time on the package, adding the greens 1 minute before the noodles are done. Spoon 2 tablespoons of the cooking water into each bowl to loosen the sauce, then lift the noodles and greens into the bowls.
Top with the fried pork, scatter with peanuts and scallion, and toss everything together before eating.
Tips
Sesame paste is thick, so I loosen it slowly with the noodle water before adding the noodles, which keeps the sauce even.
I scatter the peanuts just before serving so they stay crisp.