Cause & Context
In the mid and late Shang, the royal court's demand for divine consultation grew increasingly frequent, requiring elaborate divinations before any major political or military decision. Orally transmitted divination results were difficult to preserve or audit.
Epochal Overview
Diviners drilled small holes in tortoise plastrons and ox scapulae, then carved the question and the divine reply in compact script with a knife. These inscriptions covered war, sacrifice, agriculture, weather, and royal marriages across the kingdom.
Civilizational Impact
Oracle bone script is the earliest fully formed writing system yet discovered in China and established the basic strokes and ideographic logic of Chinese characters. It supplied a template for later historians' truthful recording and preserved Shang political and social life intact across three millennia.
Key Figures
King was the leading patron of large-scale oracle bone divination, consulting frequently on sacrificial and military matters. The professional diviner corps, whose names are preserved in artifacts unearthed at the Yin Ruins, were the core craftsmen of the inscriptions.