's Xin reforms unleashed national warfare and regional fragmentation. The Han descendant resolved to take up arms and rebuild the Han state by reorganizing the political forces.
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Epochal Overview
won the Battle of Kunyang against overwhelming odds and crushed 's main force. Using Hebei as his base, he pacified rival lords and formally founded the Eastern Han, freeing slaves, lowering taxes, and promoting simple governance.
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Civilizational Impact
The Guangwu Restoration realized a self-correction of the Han house and a swift recovery of social production under a unified order. The Eastern Han continued the splendor of the Han civilization for nearly two more centuries.
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Key Figures
Emperor Guangwu was a learned and gentlemanly founding ruler skilled in war and generous to his founding companions. The Twenty-Eight Generals of Yuntai such as and were the civil-and-military mainstay of the state.
