Qiu Zhilu

Qiu Zhilu, a licentiate of Liuyang in Changsha prefecture, Hunan, created the Confucian temple music of Liuyang in 1829 as the first instructor of the county's rites and music bureau. Working from the Southern Song Fengya shier shipu of Zhao Yansu, he restored the gourd voice missing since Qin and Han to complete the eight timbres, reorganised the pitch pipes, recast the old four-beats-per-syllable score into a one-strong-three-weak meter, and wrote it in both pentatonic and sung-syllable notation for local use. The six-section music, from welcoming to sending off the spirits, was later adopted at the Confucius Temple in Qufu. Local records credit him with the Lüyin huikao.