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Ruan Ji

Wei poet and son of Ruan Yu, one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove, who served as infantry commandant and wrote the eighty-two Poems Singing My Thoughts

Also known as Zi Sizong · Ruan Bubing

Ruan Ji, courtesy name Sizong, came from Weishi in Chenliu and was the son of Ruan Yu. Devoted to the *Laozi* and *Zhuangzi*, he was summoned to office by the Grand Commandant Jiang Ji and later served Sima Yi and Sima Shi as an aide. The *Book of Jin* (*Jinshu*) says that when Sima Zhao wanted Ruan's daughter for his son Sima Yan, Ruan stayed drunk for sixty days so that the proposal could never be made, and that he asked to be made commandant of the infantry because its kitchen kept good wine. He showed the whites of his eyes to sticklers for etiquette, and with Ji Kang, Shan Tao and others he was later counted among the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove. In 263 he was made to draft the officials' petition urging Sima Zhao to accept the nine honors, and he died that winter at fifty-four. Zhong Rong's *Grading of Poets* (*Shipin*) placed his eighty-two *Poems Singing My Thoughts* (*Yonghuai shi*) in the top grade.

Life and times

  1. 210 CEBornHanThree Kingdoms
  2. 240Flourishing of Neo-Daoist ThoughtTook partage 30The Bamboo Grove Sages and metaphysical ontology, sparking individual awakening and literati aesthetic freedom.
  3. 263 CEDied

Works

  1. Literature · Sayings3
    1. Quaking as if Holding Ice to the HeartThree KingdomsIdiom in Ruan Ji's Biography of Master Great Man: a ritualist who trembles at every step
    2. Ever More Careful With Each Passing DayThree KingdomsIdiom from Ruan Ji's Biography of Master Great Man: caution that deepens daily
    3. Liver and Gall as Far Apart as Chu and YueThree KingdomsIdiom from Ruan Ji's Essay on Understanding Zhuangzi: close kin grown far apart
  2. Literature · Poetry2
    1. Singing of My Thoughts · Poem 1 (Night Cannot Sleep)Three KingdomsOpening poem of Ruan Ji's series: a sleepless night with a zither as the Cao Wei dynasty fails
    2. Two Poems Singing of My ThoughtsThree KingdomsTwo of Ruan Ji's poems of the heart, on the river goddesses and on two favourites of old
  3. Literature · Prose1
    1. Essay on Understanding ZhuangziThree KingdomsRuan Ji's Wei-era essay defending Zhuangzi's oneness of all things against Confucian critics
  4. Literature · Rhapsodies1
    1. Biography of Master Great ManThree KingdomsRuan Ji's fable of a Great Man beyond the world, mocking ritualists as lice in trousers
  5. Stage · Pieces1
    1. Wine Madness1425, in the Shenqi MipuThe version played today is Yao Bingyan's 1957 reconstruction, whose triple rhythm sways like a drunkard

Family tree

  1. Direct kin
    Father
    Ruan Ji
  2. Other kin1
    1. Ruan XianNephew · Dates unknown; la…

Records

Ruan Ji Writes the Yonghuai Poems

Cao Wei

Ruan Ji, courtesy name Sizong, was a man of Weishi in Chenliu. He wrote more than eighty Yonghuai poems, which were valued by his age, and went home and wrote the Biography of Master Daren.

References (1)

Ruan Ji Writes the Dazhuang lun

Cao Wei

Ruan Ji was especially fond of the Zhuangzi and the Laozi, and wrote the Dazhuang lun, setting out the worth of non-action.

References (1)