Classical Poetry

85 works

Orthodox classical Chinese poetry spanning archaic ballads to Tang regulated verse.

  1. Thoughts in the Quiet NightLi Bai · Regulated QuatrainsLifting my head, I gaze at the bright moon; lowering my head, I dream of home.
  2. Spring ViewDu Fu · Regulated OctavesBeacon fires have burned through three months; a letter from home is worth ten thousand pieces of gold.
  3. Song of Everlasting RegretBai Juyi · Old-Style SongsTurning with a single smile, a hundred charms arose; all the beauties of the palace faded without color.
  4. Clear and Even Melody · Part 1 (Clouds Recall Her Raiment)Li Bai · Regulated QuatrainsClouds recall her floating robes, blossoms her radiant face; spring breezes brush the balustrade in heavy glistening dew.
  5. Farewell to a Friend · Frosty Night on the Reed WatersXue Tao · Regulated QuatrainsIn watery reaches reeds glisten with night frost; chill moonlight and mountain peaks merge in deep azure.
  6. Lament on Colored SilkShangguan Wan'er · Regulated QuatrainsLeaves are just beginning to fall over Dongting; I think of you, more than ten thousand li away.
  7. Red CliffDu Mu · Regulated QuatrainsHad the east wind not aided Master Zhou, spring in the Bronze Sparrow Tower would have locked away the Two Qiaos.
  8. The Bailiff at ShihaoDu Fu · Old-Style SongsThe living merely eke out their days; the dead are gone for evermore!
  9. Farewell to Vice-Magistrate Du on His Posting to ShuWang Bo · Regulated OctavesIf within the four seas a bosom friend remains, heaven's farthest edge is next door.
  10. Song on Ascending the Youzhou TerraceChen Zi'ang · Old-Style SongsBefore me I see not the ancients; behind me I see not those to come. Pondering the boundless infinity of heaven and earth, alone in grief my tears stream down!
  11. Occasional Poem on Returning HomeHe Zhizhang · Regulated QuatrainsLeaving young and returning old, my native accent remains while temple hair has thinned. Children meet me but recognize me not, smilingly asking: 'Whence comes our guest?'
  12. Autumn Twilight in the Mountain DwellingWang Wei · Regulated OctavesBright moon shines among the pines; clear spring flows over rocks. Though spring blossoms fade at will, the noble recluse may naturally stay.
  13. Mission to the FrontierWang Wei · Regulated OctavesAcross the vast desert a lone column of smoke rises straight; over the long river the setting sun hangs round.
  14. Visiting an Old Friend's CottageMeng Haoran · Regulated OctavesGreen trees encircle the village edge; emerald mountains slant beyond outer walls. Opening windows toward threshing yards, winecups in hand we talk of mulberries and hemp.
  15. Farewell to Dong DaGao Shi · Regulated QuatrainsWorry not that no kindred spirits lie on the road ahead; under heaven, who does not recognize your renown?
  16. Song of White Snow in Farewell to Assistant Magistrate Wu Returning to the CapitalCen Shen · Old-Style SongsAs if overnight a spring breeze had arrived, thousands of trees blossom with pear flowers. Beyond winding peaks you vanish from sight, leaving only horseshoe tracks in deep white snow.
  17. Going Beyond the FrontierWang Changling · Regulated QuatrainsThe moon of Qin, the border passes of Han; after ten thousand leagues of marching, our soldiers have not returned. If only the Flying General of Dragon City were still here, no barbarian cavalry would ever cross the Yin Mountains.
  18. On Ascending Stork TowerWang Zhihuan · Regulated QuatrainsThe bright sun slants along the mountains and sinks; the Yellow River surges into the eastern sea. If you desire to see a thousand leagues afar, ascend yet another story higher.
  19. The Hard Road to ShuLi Bai · Old-Style SongsAh, alas, how perilous and towering! The road to Shu is harder than climbing to the cerulean blue sky!
  20. The Hard RoadLi Bai · Old-Style SongsA time will come to ride the winds and cleave the waves; I shall hoist cloud-high sails straight across the azure sea!
  21. Departing Early from Baidi CityLi Bai · Regulated QuatrainsWhile gibbons on both shores wail incessantly, my swift light skiff has slipped past ten thousand fold mountain ranges.
  22. Gazing on Mount TaiDu Fu · Regulated OctavesSomeday I shall surely mount the highest peak, and look down upon all other mountains dwarf-small!
  23. Song of My Thatched Cottage Wrecked by Autumn GaleDu Fu · Old-Style SongsHow could I secure ten thousand grand mansions, to shelter all destitute scholars under heaven in beaming smiles! Standing unmoved through wind and storm, secure as a mountain.
  24. Climbing HighDu Fu · Regulated OctavesBoundless falling leaves rustle and shower down; unending Yangtze waters surge and roll on. Ten thousand leagues away lamenting autumn, forever a wandering guest; enduring a lifetime of sickness, all alone I climb the high terrace.
  25. Song of the PipaBai Juyi · Old-Style SongsWe both are drifted wanderers cast to heaven's far corners; meeting like this, what need is there for prior acquaintance!
  26. The Brocade ZitherLi Shangyin · Regulated OctavesOn vast azure sea bright moon weeps pearly tears; in Lantian under warm sun fine jade generates mist. Could this deep affection wait only to become a distant memory? Even at that very moment, one was already lost in melancholy daze.
  27. Early Departure from Mount ShangWen Tingyun · Regulated OctavesCockcrow at thatched inn under the moon; footprints upon the frost of wooden bridge. Oak leaves carpet mountain trails; trifoliate orange blossoms brighten post-station walls.
  28. Heaven Answered · ExcerptLiu Zongyuan · Chu ElegiesAnswer: The vastness of the primal beginning is something told by fabulists. Its great spirit, dim and tangled, how can it be put into words? Darkness and light, faint and minute, came and went in ceaseless profusion; through murky transformations only the primal qi endured, so what was there that 'brought it about'?
  29. Lotus LeavesZheng Gu · Regulated QuatrainsAs the boat moves, splashed water stirs the uneven green; leaning on the railing, the wind sways each fragrant stalk.
  30. To the Neighbor Maiden · Easy to Find a Priceless GemYu Xuanji · Regulated OctavesShy of the sun, shielding with gauze sleeves; melancholy in spring, sluggish to dress. A priceless gem is easy to attain, yet rare indeed is a devoted lover. Weeping secretly upon the pillow, broken-hearted amidst flowers. When you yourself can gaze upon dashing Song Yu, why fret over Wang Chang?
  31. Gazing with Sorrow in Jiangling, Sent to Zi'anYu Xuanji · Regulated OctavesMaple leaves in thousand and ten thousand branches; dusk sails move sluggishly past the river bridge. My heart pining for you is like the West River's surge, coursing eastward day and night without ever ceasing.
  32. Eight ExtremesLi Ye · Regulated QuatrainsMost near yet most distant are East and West; most deep yet most shallow is the crystal brook; most high and most luminous are the Sun and Moon; most intimate yet most estranging are husband and wife.
  33. Bodhi Gatha · Originally Not a Single Thing ExistsHuineng (Sixth Patriarch) · Regulated QuatrainsBodhi originally has no tree, nor does the bright mirror have a stand. From the beginning not a single thing exists—where then could dust ever alight!
  34. Gatha of the Body as Bodhi TreeShenxiu · Regulated QuatrainsThe body is the Bodhi tree; the mind is like a clear mirror on a stand. Constantly and diligently wipe it clean, never allowing dust to collect.
  35. Upon the Lofty Mountain PeakHanshan (Cold Mountain) · Old-Style SongsIn the spring there is really no moon; the moon is itself in the blue sky.
  36. People Ask for the Way to Cold MountainHanshan (Cold Mountain) · Old-Style SongsPeople ask the road to Cold Mountain; yet Cold Mountain has no open road. In midsummer ice remains unthawed; when the sun rises, mists drift obscurely. How did someone like me reach here? Because our minds are not the same! If your heart resembled mine, you too could pass right through.
  37. Remote and Dim, the Cold Mountain RoadHanshan (Cold Mountain) · Old-Style SongsMorning after morning I do not see the sun; year after year I do not know spring.
  38. Freedom from Anger Is the PreceptShide · Old-Style SongsTo be free of anger is itself the precept; a pure mind is itself leaving home.
  39. Seeking Lu Hongjian Without Finding HimJiaoran (Monk Jiaoran) · Regulated OctavesI knock at the gate, but no dog barks; about to leave, I ask at the house to the west.
  40. Song of Tea Drinking Teasing Governor Cui ShiJiaoran (Monk Jiaoran) · Old-Style SongsThe first cup washes away dullness and drowsiness; my spirits rise, bright and clear, filling heaven and earth. The second cup clears my mind, like flying rain sprinkling away light dust. With the third cup I attain the Way; why labour painfully to break through vexations?
  41. Presented to Grand Tutor QianGuanxiu (Monk Guanxiu) · Regulated OctavesThe hall is full of guests, three thousand drunk among flowers; a single sword, chill as frost, holds fourteen prefectures.
  42. Inscribed on a Mountain Dwelling's Wall in Late Spring (No. 1)Guanxiu (Monk Guanxiu) · Regulated OctavesThe brushwood gate is quiet, the millet rice fragrant; smoke rises from the mountain home as the spring rain clears.
  43. Early Plum Blossoms · Deep in the Snow of the Front VillageQiji (Monk Qiji) · Regulated OctavesTen thousand frozen trees seem ready to snap; solitary roots alone awaken with hidden warmth. Deep in the thick snows of the forward village, last night a single branch blossomed into flower. The breeze wafts secret fragrance forth; birds peer down upon its pure white charm.
  44. The SwordsmanQiji (Monk Qiji) · Regulated QuatrainsDrawing my sword, I circle the leftover wine; the song finished, I go straight out of the gate.
  45. Quatrain · Quieting Essence and Energy to Nurture the SpiritLü Dongbin (Lü Yan) · Regulated QuatrainsStill the essence, still the breath, and so nourish the spirit; let essence fill the cinnabar field and breath sustain the body.
  46. Invitation to Liu the NineteenthBai Juyi · Regulated QuatrainsAs dusk falls, snow begins to drift—will you join me for a cup?
  47. Song of LiangzhouWang Han · Regulated QuatrainsDo not laugh if we lie drunk upon the battlefield—since ancient times, how many warriors ever return?
  48. Army Life: Part IVWang Changling · Regulated QuatrainsThrough a hundred battles in yellow sands, our golden armors wear thin; until we defeat Loulan, we shall never return.
  49. Song of the Parting SonMeng Jiao · Yuefu BalladsWho could say that the heart of an inch-long blade of grass could ever repay the boundless sunshine of three springs?
  50. After Passing the Imperial ExaminationMeng Jiao · Regulated QuatrainsProud in the spring breeze, my horse's hooves fly fast; in a single day I see all the flowers of Chang'an.
  51. Song of ChangganLi Bai · Old-Style SongsYou came riding a bamboo horse, circling the well-rail, playing with green plums.
  52. Written at Wujiang PavilionDu Mu · Regulated QuatrainsThe young men east of the Yangtze were many and gifted; had he returned, rolling up the dust again, who knows what might have been?
  53. A Dream Journey to Mount Tianmu: A Song of FarewellLi Bai · Old-Style SongsHow could I lower my brows and bend my waist to serve the mighty and noble, and never again show a happy face?
  54. Drinking Alone Under the Moon, No. 1Li Bai · Old-Style SongsRaising my cup, I invite the bright moon; with my shadow, we make a party of three.
  55. To Wang LunLi Bai · Regulated QuatrainsThe water of Peach Blossom Pool is a thousand feet deep, yet not as deep as Wang Lun's feeling in seeing me off.
  56. Hearing That the Imperial Army Has Recovered Henan and HebeiDu Fu · Regulated OctavesI turn to look at my wife and children: where has their sorrow gone? Rolling up my books and poems any which way, I am wild with joy.
  57. Grass on the Ancient Plain: A FarewellBai Juyi · Regulated OctavesWildfire can never burn it all away; when the spring wind blows, it comes to life again.
  58. Thinking of My Brothers East of the Mountains on the Double NinthWang Wei · Regulated QuatrainsAlone in a strange land, a stranger among strangers, at every festival I miss my family twice as much.
  59. Night Mooring at Maple BridgeZhang Ji · Regulated QuatrainsBeyond the walls of Gusu, from Cold Mountain Temple, the midnight bell carries to the traveler's boat.
  60. Written on a Rainy Night, Sent NorthLi Shangyin · Regulated QuatrainsWhen shall we trim the candle together by the west window, and talk of this night rain in the Ba hills?
  61. Pity for the Peasants, Two PoemsLi Shen · Regulated QuatrainsWho knows that of the food upon the plate, every single grain is bitter toil?
  62. Written at a Village South of the CapitalCui Hu · Regulated QuatrainsWhere that face has gone I cannot tell; the peach blossoms, as before, smile in the spring wind.
  63. West Stream at ChuzhouWei Yingwu · Regulated QuatrainsThe spring flood, swelled by rain, runs fast at dusk; at the wild ferry no one is there, and the boat swings crosswise by itself.
  64. A Moonlit Night on the Spring RiverZhang Ruoxu · Old-Style SongsWho on the riverbank first saw this moon? In what year did the river moon first shine on a person?
  65. Viewing the Waterfall at Mount Lu, No. 2Li Bai · Regulated QuatrainsIts flying torrent plunges straight down three thousand feet; I wonder if the Milky Way is falling from the ninth heaven.
  66. Farewell to Collator Shuyun at Xie Tiao's Tower in XuanzhouLi Bai · Old-Style SongsDraw a blade to cut the water, and the water flows on; raise a cup to drown sorrow, and sorrow grows deeper.
  67. Ballad of the Army CartsDu Fu · Old-Style SongsNow we truly know that bearing a son is bad, and bearing a daughter is better.
  68. Welcoming Rain on a Spring NightDu Fu · Regulated OctavesIt follows the wind, slipping secretly into the night, moistening all things finely, without a sound.
  69. Yellow Crane TowerCui Hao · Regulated OctavesAs the sun sets, where is my home village? Mist and waves on the river make one sorrow.
  70. Deer EnclosureWang Wei · Regulated QuatrainsThe returning light enters the deep forest and shines again upon the green moss.
  71. River SnowLiu Zongyuan · Regulated QuatrainsIn a lone boat, an old man in straw cape and hat fishes alone in the snow on the cold river.
  72. Mooring on the Qinhuai RiverDu Mu · Regulated QuatrainsThe singing girls do not know the grief of a fallen kingdom; across the river they still sing "Flowers in the Rear Court."
  73. Song of the Governor of YanmenLi He · Old-Style SongsBlack clouds press on the city, as if to crush it; armour glints toward the sun, like golden scales opening.
  74. Black Robe LaneLiu Yuxi · Regulated QuatrainsThe swallows that once nested before the halls of the Wang and Xie clans now fly into the homes of ordinary people.
  75. Bring in the WineLi Bai · Old-Style SongsHeaven made my talents, and they must have their use; scatter a thousand in gold and it will all come back again.
  76. Seeing Off Meng Haoran to Guangling at Yellow Crane TowerLi Bai · Regulated QuatrainsMy old friend takes leave of Yellow Crane Tower in the west, going down to Yangzhou in the third month, amid mist and blossom.
  77. Gazing at Tianmen MountainLi Bai · Regulated QuatrainsGreen mountains on both banks stand out facing each other; a single lone sail comes from beside the sun.
  78. The Chancellor of ShuDu Fu · Regulated OctavesHe led the army out but died before victory came, forever making heroes weep until their robes are soaked.
  79. The Old Charcoal SellerBai Juyi · Old-Style SongsPitiful: the clothes on his back are thin, yet fearing charcoal will sell cheap, he wishes the weather colder!
  80. Seeing Off Yuan the Second on a Mission to AnxiWang Wei · Regulated QuatrainsI urge you to drain one more cup of wine: west of Yang Pass you will have no old friends.
  81. Spring DawnMeng Haoran · Regulated QuatrainsIn the night came the sound of wind and rain; how many blossoms have fallen, who can tell?
  82. Untitled: Hard It Is to MeetLi Shangyin · Regulated OctavesThe spring silkworm spins its silk until it dies; the candle's tears dry only when it has burned to ash.
  83. Mountain WalkDu Mu · Regulated QuatrainsI stop my carriage simply because I love the maple wood at dusk; the frost-touched leaves are redder than the flowers of the second month.
  84. Ode to the WillowHe Zhizhang · Regulated QuatrainsWho cut out these slender leaves, I wonder? The spring wind of the second month, like a pair of scissors.
  85. In Reply to Letian, Who Gave Me a Poem at Our First Meeting in YangzhouLiu Yuxi · Regulated OctavesBeside the sunken boat a thousand sails go by; before the sickly tree ten thousand trees burst into spring.

Ci Lyrics

10 works

Pinnacle of lyric verse and musical poetry spanning delicate grace and heroic grandeur.

  1. Deva-Like Barbarian: Layered Hills of Gold Shimmer and FadeWen Tingyun · Short LyricsIlluminating the blossom in front and back mirrors, flower and face reflect in mutual beauty. Newly pasted on embroidered silk robe, paired golden partridges in flight.
  2. Deva-Like Barbarian: Crystal Pillow Behind Crystal BlindsWen Tingyun · Short LyricsAbove the river, willows like mist; wild geese fly across a sky of the waning moon.
  3. Water Clock Song: Jade Incense BurnerWen Tingyun · Short LyricsLeaf after leaf, drop after drop, it drips on the empty steps until dawn.
  4. Dreaming of the South: Ten Thousand RegretsWen Tingyun · Short LyricsA thousand, ten thousand regrets; the deepest regret is for one at the edge of the sky.
  5. Deva-Like Barbarian: Everyone Speaks of the Splendor of JiangnanWei Zhuang · Short LyricsEveryone speaks of the splendor of Jiangnan; a traveler should only grow old in Jiangnan. Spring waters are greener than the sky; falling asleep listening to rain aboard a painted boat.
  6. Deva-Like Barbarian: Now I Recall the Joys of JiangnanWei Zhuang · Short LyricsNow I recall the joys of Jiangnan: in those days I was young and spring robes were light. Riding a steed leaning by the slanted bridge, entire pavilions of crimson sleeves waved in greeting.
  7. Deva-Like Barbarian: Melancholy Farewell Night at Red ChamberWei Zhuang · Short LyricsAs I went out the door under the waning moon, my lovely one bade farewell in tears.
  8. Lotus Leaf Cup: Remembering That Year Beneath the FlowersWei Zhuang · Short LyricsNow we are both strangers in far lands, with no way ever to meet again.
  9. The Daoist Priestess: The Seventeenth of the Fourth MonthWei Zhuang · Short LyricsThe seventeenth of the fourth month, exactly one year ago today, when I parted from you. Suppressing tears, feigning to lower my face; bearing bashful shame, half-knitting brows. Unaware my soul was shattered, left only with dreams following along.
  10. Wutong Shadow · The Setting Sun SlantsLü Dongbin (Lü Yan) · Short LyricsWill my old friend come tonight or not? Waiting, I stand until the wutong's shadow is gone.

Rhapsody & Parallel Prose

4 works

Grand rhapsodies and parallel prose showcasing acoustic symmetry and ornate eloquence.

  1. Preface to the Prince of Teng's PavilionWang Bo · Parallel ProseSunset clouds and solitary wild duck fly together; autumn waters and the boundless sky share a single hue.
  2. Rhapsody on the Epang PalaceDu Mu · Prose RhapsodiesThe men of Qin had no time to mourn themselves, so later generations mourn them; but if later generations mourn them without taking warning, they will only make still later generations mourn them in turn.
  3. Rhapsody on the Great PengLi Bai · Prose RhapsodiesLashing the water for three thousand li, it rears up; heading for ninety thousand li, it races on its way.
  4. Rhapsody on the Bright Hall · ExcerptLi Bai · Prose RhapsodiesLofty and vaulted is the Bright Hall, opening against the sky!

Classical Prose

20 works

Authoritative classical prose from Pre-Qin philosophers to Tang-Song prose masters.

  1. Manifesto on Behalf of Xu Jingye Denouncing Wu ZhaoLuo Binwang · Essays & MemorialsThe handful of earth on the imperial tomb is not yet dry; to whom can the six-foot orphan be entrusted?
  2. On TeachersHan Yu · Essays & MemorialsA teacher is one who transmits the Dao, imparts knowledge, and resolves perplexities. Pupils need not be inferior to teachers, and teachers need not be superior to pupils; some hear the Dao earlier than others, and specialties differ in craft—that is all.
  3. Record of the Small Stone PoolLiu Zongyuan · Travel WritingIn the pool were a hundred or so fish, all seeming to swim through empty void with nothing supporting them. Sunlight penetrates straight down casting shadows on stone, motionless one instant, then darting afar in a flash.
  4. Inscription for My Humble CottageLiu Yuxi · Epitaphs & ElegiesMountains need not be high—if immortals dwell there, they become renowned; waters need not be deep—if dragons reside, they become sacred. Though this is a humble room, my virtuous character makes it fragrant.
  5. Inquiry into the True WayHan Yu · Essays & MemorialsLoving all broadly is called humaneness; acting as is fitting is called righteousness.
  6. Inquiry into the Source of SlanderHan Yu · Essays & MemorialsThey demanded much and thoroughly of themselves but asked little and lightly of others.
  7. Explanation on the Advancement of LearningHan Yu · Essays & MemorialsLearning is perfected by diligence and ruined by frivolity; conduct is formed by reflection and destroyed by heedless conformity.
  8. Miscellaneous Discourses IV: On HorsesHan Yu · NotebooksOnly when the world has a Bo Le are there Thousand-League Steeds. Thousand-League Steeds are common, but a Bo Le is rare.
  9. Memorial Text for the Twelfth NephewHan Yu · Epitaphs & ElegiesMy sight is blurred, my hair is grey and my teeth are loose.
  10. Postscript to the Biography of Censor ZhangHan Yu · Letters & PrefacesHolding one city to shield the whole realm.
  11. On the Feudal SystemLiu Zongyuan · Essays & MemorialsTherefore enfeoffment was not the intention of the sages; it was circumstance.
  12. Account of the Snake CatcherLiu Zongyuan · NotebooksHarsh government is fiercer than a tiger.
  13. Biography of Camel Guo the Tree PlanterLiu Zongyuan · NotebooksI only follow the tree's nature so as to bring out what it is.
  14. First Excursion to the Western MountainLiu Zongyuan · Travel WritingMy mind coagulated and physical frame dissolved, communing silently in oneness with myriad cosmic transformations. Only then did I realize I had never truly journeyed before—my true journey began with this mountain.
  15. Preface to Poems of the Foolish StreamLiu Zongyuan · Travel WritingWater is what the wise delight in. Why then is this stream alone disgraced with the name of folly?
  16. Letter to Governor Han of JingzhouLi Bai · Letters & PrefacesIn life I need not be made a marquis of ten thousand households; I wish only to make the acquaintance of Han of Jingzhou.
  17. Letter to Wei Zhongli on the Way of the TeacherLiu Zongyuan · Letters & PrefacesQu Yuan's rhapsody says, 'The dogs of the town bark in packs; they bark at what they find strange.'
  18. The Classic of TeaLu Yu · NotebooksTea is a fine tree of the South.
  19. Great Tang Records on the Western RegionsXuanzang (narrator), Bianji (writer) · Travel WritingSeventeen years alone on the road, through more than a hundred lands: a firsthand record of seventh-century Central Asia and India.
  20. Memorial to Emperor Taizong on the Ten ReflectionsWei Zheng · Essays & MemorialsWhoever wants a tree to grow tall must make its roots firm; whoever wants a stream to flow far must dredge its spring; whoever aspires to the security of the state must accumulate virtue and righteousness.

Classical Fiction

9 works

Narrative masterworks from Six Dynasties strange tales to epic Ming-Qing novels.

  1. Record of the World Inside the PillowShen Jiji · Tang–Song TalesRest your head on my pillow, and it will make you as honoured and content as you desire.
  2. Story of Yingying / Encounter with a FairyYuan Zhen · Tang–Song TalesI wait for the moon beneath the western wing; the door, close to the breeze, stands half open. When flower shadows stir along the wall, I wonder if my jade one has come.
  3. Legend of the Curly-Bearded Guest · The Three Heroes of the Dusty RealmDu Guangting · Tang–Song TalesI have long served Minister Yang and have seen many of the people of the world, but none like you.
  4. Legend of Liu Yi · Delivering the Dragon Princess's LetterLi Chaowei · Tang–Song TalesI am a man of honour. Hearing your story, my blood and spirit are all stirred; I only regret I have no wings to fly.
  5. Story of Miss RenShen Jiji · Tang–Song TalesZheng has a body six feet tall and cannot protect one woman; is he a man at all?
  6. Story of Li WaBai Xingjian · Tang–Song TalesThat you have come to this in a single morning is my crime!
  7. Story of Huo XiaoyuJiang Fang · Tang–Song TalesI am a woman, and my fate is this wretched! You are a man, and your heart is this faithless!
  8. Pei Xing's Tales of the MarvelousPei Xing · Tang–Song TalesThe Kunlun slave leaps high walls with a man on his back, Nie Yinniang comes and goes without a trace: the dawn of Tang tales of knights-errant.
  9. The Governor of NankeLi Gongzuo · Tang–Song TalesIn a dream so brief, it was as though he had passed a whole lifetime.

Fables & Lore

8 works

Philosophical fables, historical allusion narratives, and primordial mythology.

  1. Dotting the Dragon's EyesZhang Yanyuan · Historical AllusionsOne decisive touch in the right place can bring the whole work to life.
  2. Two Eagles with One ArrowLi Yanshou · Satirical ParablesTrue skill lets a single action achieve two goals at once.
  3. The Moth Flying into the FlameYao Silian · Satirical ParablesDrawn heedlessly to what dazzles, you may end up consumed by it.
  4. A Dream of NankeLi Gongzuo · Satirical ParablesWealth and glory vanish like a dream; don't cling too hard to gains and losses.
  5. Riding a Tiger, Hard to DismountWei Zheng et al. · Satirical ParablesSome paths cannot be abandoned once taken; think hard before you start.
  6. Penetrating the Wood Three Fen DeepZhang Huaiguan · Satirical ParablesDeep, penetrating skill comes from long and focused effort.
  7. Splitting at the Touch of the BladeFang Xuanling et al. · Satirical ParablesBreak through the hardest first part, and the rest gives way naturally.
  8. Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai (The Butterfly Lovers)Anonymous · Folk LegendsZhu went up and wailed; the earth suddenly split open and sank, and so she was buried there with him.

Literary Criticism

4 works

Classical literary aesthetics, treatises on poetic craft, and critical commentaries.

  1. Letter to Yuan Zhen · ExcerptBai Juyi · Poetry TalksPoetry has feeling for its root, words for its shoots, sound for its flowers and meaning for its fruit.
  2. Letter in Reply to Li YiHan Yu · Poetry TalksI strove only to get rid of stale words, and how grinding and hard it was!
  3. The Twenty-Four Categories of PoetrySikong Tu (traditionally attributed) · Poetry TalksWithout a single word set down, all its grace is captured.
  4. The Original Incidents of PoemsMeng Qi · Poetry TalksA broken mirror made whole: Princess Lechang and Xu Deyan reunited at last.

Sayings & Idioms

60 works

Living Chinese linguistic heritage comprising idioms, proverbs, aphorisms, and couplets.

  1. Rising to Practice Swordplay at CockcrowFang Xuanling et al. · IdiomsZu Ti rose at midnight cockcrow to practice swordsmanship; ambitious people seizing every moment to strive.
  2. Wielding an Axe at Lu Ban's DoorLiu Zongyuan · IdiomsShowing off axe skills before the master carpenter Lu Ban; displaying one's meager skill before an expert.
  3. A Dream While the Millet CooksShen Jiji · IdiomsA scholar dreams a lifetime of glory before his millet finishes cooking; fleeting, illusory ambitions.
  4. Viewing Flowers on HorsebackMeng Jiao · IdiomsGlancing at flowers from a galloping horse; looking at things superficially without close examination.
  5. Proud in the Spring BreezeMeng Jiao · IdiomsMeng Jiao's joy after passing the imperial exam; elated pride at success in career or life.
  6. Green Plums and Bamboo HorsesLi Bai · IdiomsChildren playing with green plums and hobby horses; the innocent bond of a boy and girl who grew up together.
  7. Two Innocent ChildrenLi Bai · IdiomsA boy and girl playing together as children with no suspicion or self-consciousness; innocent childhood companionship.
  8. Having Once Seen the Vast SeaYuan Zhen · IdiomsOnce you have seen the ocean, other waters pale; broad experience, or devotion to a love beyond compare.
  9. Returning in a Cloud of DustDu Mu · IdiomsCharging back amid swirling dust; staging a comeback after defeat with renewed strength.
  10. White Clouds Turn into Grey DogsDu Fu · IdiomsClouds shaped like white robes suddenly become grey dogs; the unpredictable changeability of worldly affairs.
  11. The Broken Mirror Made WholeMeng Qi · IdiomsA couple parted by war reunite by matching halves of a broken mirror; estranged spouses coming back together.
  12. The Ends of the EarthBai Juyi · IdiomsThe corners of the sea and edges of the sky; the remotest places, or people separated by great distance.
  13. Dotting the Eyes of the Painted DragonZhang Yanyuan · IdiomsA painter dots a dragon's eyes and it flies away; the crucial finishing touch that brings a work to life.
  14. The Whole Room Roars with LaughterZhao Lin · IdiomsEveryone in the room bursts out laughing at once.
  15. Not Even Chickens and Dogs Have PeaceLiu Zongyuan · IdiomsSuch severe disturbance that even the chickens and dogs have no peace.
  16. Shaking Heaven and EarthBai Juyi · IdiomsSo powerful or momentous that it shakes heaven and earth.
  17. A Thousand-Weight Hanging by a HairHan Yu · IdiomsA great weight hanging by a single hair; a situation of extreme peril.
  18. Rare in a Thousand YearsHan Yu · IdiomsSo rare it may not come once in a thousand years; a golden opportunity.
  19. Unable to Hold Back a SmileZhao Lin · IdiomsCannot help laughing; unable to suppress a smile.
  20. Common Sight to the MinisterMeng Qi · IdiomsSo familiar to the minister it causes no surprise; commonplace.
  21. One Arrow, Two EaglesLi Yanshou · IdiomsHitting two eagles with one arrow; achieving two aims with one action.
  22. Ends of the Earth, Corners of the SeaHan Yu · IdiomsThe remotest corners of the world; places very far apart.
  23. One Act, Two GainsFang Xuanling et al. · IdiomsGaining two benefits from a single action.
  24. Treat All AlikeHan Yu · IdiomsTo treat everyone equally without favoritism.
  25. Charge Again, Sharpen AgainHan Yu & Meng Jiao · IdiomsFighting cocks whet their beaks before each bout; keep up the effort again and again.
  26. All-EmbracingAnonymous · IdiomsEmbracing every phenomenon; all-inclusive and rich in content.
  27. Evenly MatchedLu Guimeng · IdiomsHard to tell which is higher or lower; evenly matched.
  28. Pillowing on a Spear Awaiting DawnFang Xuanling et al. · IdiomsSleeping with head on a spear, awaiting dawn; ever vigilant and ready for battle.
  29. Clinging to Error Without AwakeningYao Silian · IdiomsStubbornly persisting in a mistaken course and refusing to see reason.
  30. Steeped by What One Sees and HearsHan Yu · IdiomsUnconsciously influenced by what one constantly hears and sees.
  31. Failing on the Verge of SuccessFang Xuanling et al. · IdiomsFailing just when success was within reach.
  32. Living Under Another's RoofLi Yanshou · IdiomsTo live in dependence on others; also, to imitate others without originality.
  33. Light Carriage on a Familiar RoadHan Yu · IdiomsDriving a light carriage on a familiar road; doing something with ease through experience.
  34. A Moth Flying into the FlameYao Silian · IdiomsA moth darting into the flame; courting one's own destruction.
  35. A Dream of NankeLi Gongzuo · IdiomsA dream of glory under a southern branch; an illusory fortune or empty joy.
  36. Hard to Dismount a TigerFang Xuanling et al. · IdiomsRiding a tiger and unable to get off; caught in a course of action one cannot abandon.
  37. Penetrating Three Fen into the WoodZhang Huaiguan · IdiomsBrushstrokes biting deep into the wood; forceful calligraphy, or penetrating insight and description.
  38. Splitting Apart at the Blade's TouchFang Xuanling et al. · IdiomsLike bamboo splitting at the blade; once the key issue is solved, the rest follows easily.
  39. Meeting Like Drifting DuckweedWang Bo · IdiomsWe have met like duckweed drifting on the water, all of us guests far from home.
  40. Outstanding People, Inspired LandWang Bo · IdiomsIts people are outstanding and its land inspired: Xu Ru was the guest for whom Chen Fan let down his special couch.
  41. A Life Full of MisfortuneWang Bo · IdiomsThe times have not been kind, and the road of my fate has been full of mishaps.
  42. As Long as Heaven and EarthBai Juyi · IdiomsEven heaven and earth, long as they last, will one day end, but this regret will linger on forever without end.
  43. Natural BeautyBai Juyi · IdiomsHer natural beauty could not stay hidden; one day she was chosen to stand at the sovereign's side.
  44. Riding the Wind, Breaking the WavesLi Bai · IdiomsA day will come when I ride the long wind and break the waves, and hoist my sails straight across the vast sea.
  45. One Man Holds the PassLi Bai · AphorismsThe Sword Pass towers high and steep; let one man hold it, and ten thousand cannot force it open.
  46. Climb One Storey HigherWang Zhihuan · IdiomsIf you wish to see a thousand li to the horizon, climb one more storey of the tower.
  47. The Silkworm Spins Until It DiesLi Shangyin · IdiomsThe spring silkworm spins its silk until it dies; the candle's tears dry only when it turns to ash.
  48. Hooked Hearts and Clashing HornsDu Mu · IdiomsEach building embraced the lie of the land, their hearts hooked together and their corners locked like horns.
  49. Think of Danger in Times of PeaceWei Zheng · IdiomsNot to think of danger while living in safety, nor to restrain extravagance with thrift, nor to make one's virtue deep, nor to let reason master desire: this is like cutting a tree's roots and hoping it will flourish, or blocking a spring and wanting the stream to run far.
  50. Harsh Government Is Fiercer Than a TigerLiu Zongyuan · IdiomsConfucius said: 'Harsh government is fiercer than a tiger.'
  51. A True Friend Makes Distant Lands Feel NearWang Bo · AphorismsAs long as there is a true friend within the four seas, the ends of the earth are like next door.
  52. A Letter from Home Is Worth Ten Thousand in GoldDu Fu · IdiomsThe beacon fires have burned for three months on end; a letter from home is worth ten thousand in gold.
  53. Earthly Treasures, Heavenly GemsWang Bo · IdiomsThe finest things of this land are treasures of heaven; the dragon-light of its swords shoots up to the realm of the Ox and the Dipper;
  54. A Glance Back and a SmileBai Juyi · IdiomsWhen she turned her eyes back with a smile, a hundred charms were born; all the powdered and painted ladies of the six palaces lost their color.
  55. Called for a Thousand TimesBai Juyi · IdiomsOnly after a thousand calls and ten thousand pleas did she come out, still holding the pipa to hide half her face.
  56. Passing On the Way and Teaching LearningHan Yu · IdiomsA teacher is one who passes on the Way, teaches learning and resolves doubts.
  57. Mastery Comes from DiligenceHan Yu · IdiomsThe Master of the Academy entered the Imperial College at dawn, gathered the students below the hall and instructed them: 'Learning is perfected through diligence and wasted by play;
  58. Harder Than Climbing to the Blue SkyLi Bai · IdiomsThe hardship of the road to Shu is harder than climbing to the blue sky!
  59. The Face and the Peach BlossomsCui Hu · IdiomsOn this day last year, within this gate, a face and the peach blossoms glowed red against each other.
  60. No Ancients Before, No Successors AfterChen Zi'ang · AphorismsBefore me I cannot see the ancients; after me I cannot see those to come.