Calligraphy and painting use the brush, ink, paper and inkstone as tools, value the interplay of paper and ink and structured brushwork, and express the inner world of the literati in shades of ink.
In the High Tang, Wang Wei and others painted landscapes in washes of ink, and ink painting began to take shape as a method in its own right.
In his Record of Famous Painters of All Dynasties, Zhang Yanyuan said that "a collector should keep a hundred sheets of Xuan paper", the first mention of Xuan paper in the literature on calligraphy and painting.
In the Yuan, literati painters such as Huang Gongwang and Ni Zan expressed their feelings in ink on paper and established the literati painting tradition of the interplay of paper and ink.
Ink Painting and Xuan Paper is the class in the chapter on Crafts on Chinese calligraphy and painting, which uses brush, ink, paper and inkstone as its tools, values the interplay of paper and ink and structured brushwork, and expresses the inner world of the literati in shades of ink.
